Scientificanimations.com Website Review

for medical marketing, patient education and in-house training needs going to mars is riddled with both technical hurdles and also with very human ones. how will the human body adapt to long space trips, or the mind to long periods of isolation, and could changes be permanent. nasa astronaut scott kelly’s recent year-long trip to the international space station achieved both a new milestone in long-duration space travel, but also offered unique insight into the effects of space travel on human biology. especially since kelly had a natural dna control for the experiment – his identical twin!. space-induced hypoxia by compensatory increase in mitochondrial levels.  . nasa’s findings from kelly’s mission reveal some understandable and yet startling changes to kelly’s biology. kelly’s body predictably adapted to the rigors of space travel, which are much like scuba diving, mountain climbing or any other form of hypoxia (sustained oxygen deprivation). hypoxia is a serious concern, and has been linked with diseases including diabetes, alzheimer’s and cancer. the lack of oxygen hampers mitochondrial function. mitochondria, the “power plants” of the body, make energy proteins called atp. but mitochondria do adapt to sustained hypoxia, for example by generating hif-1 factor. so it is key to understand how long-term, space-induced hypoxia affects biology. kelly’s post-mission blood tests indicate likely hypoxic damage to mitochondria by showing a compensatory increase in mitochondria levels.. immune system to be hyperactive with changes in blood clotting, bone formation and collagen.  . besides metabolism, nasa found that the radical change in environment caused an immune response. normally, the immune system responds to infection, wounds, or the presence of foreign bodies, but nasa found that kelly’s immune system was hyperactive, possibly without any of the normal expected triggers. changes also extended to blood clotting, bone formation, and collagen. some of these changes and responses are